Church Ruins Goreme Turkey

The rock cut ruins of a church by persecuted Christians. Not sure when it was built, but definitely look very ancient. How did those guys carved the inside of these rocks? The Cappadocia valley, where this church stands, is very popular for its rocks that the people of the villages at the heart of the Cappadocia Region carved out to form houses, churches, monasteries. There are an estimated 150 churches and several monasteries in the canyon between the villages of Ihlara and Selime. Those rocks are volcanic deposits, so that means they are soft rocks, making it possible to carve such structures.