Pests and diseases

Pseudomonas syringaeactinidiae(PSA) was first identified in Japan in the 1980s. This bacterial strain has been controlled and managed successfully in orchards in Asia. In 1992, it was found in northern Italy. In 2007/2008, economic losses were observed, as a more virulent strain became more dominant (PSA V).In 2010 it was found in New Zealand'sBay of Plentykiwifruit orchards in the North Island.