Rules to play Wheelchair Basketball

1. Any individual who, because of permanent severe leg disability or paralysis of the lower portion of the body, will benefit through participation in wheelchair basketball and who would be denied the opportunity to play basketball, were it not for the wheelchair adaptation, is eligible. .....

Wheelchair

2. The height of the seat must not exceed 21 from the floor. The height of the foot platform or first point of contact must be no more than 4 7 8 from the floor. Seat cushions are permitted for medical and therapeutic reasons; a medium weight foam rubber is permitted (2 maximum thickness for Class III players and 4 maximum thickness for all other players). A heel strap of 1 1 2 width (minimum) must be attached to the foot platform bars. Each chair m .....

Contact

3. The chair is considered a part of the player. General rules of contact in regular basketball (charging, blocking, etc.) apply to wheelchair basketball. .....

Time limits

4. An offensive player cannot remain more than 3 seconds in the free throw lane while the players team is in possession of the ball. .....

Dribble

5. A player in possession of the ball may not push more than twice in succession with one or both hands in either direction without tapping the ball to the floor again. Taking more than two consecutive pushes constitutes a traveling violation. A player, may, however, wheel the chair and bounce the ball simultaneously just as an ablebodied player runs and bounces the ball simultaneously in regular basketball. .....

Loss of the ball

6. If a player in possession of the ball makes any physical contact with the floor or tilts the chair so far backward that the anti tip (safety) casters touch the floor, it is a violation and the ball is awarded to the other team. .....

Out of bounds

7. A player is considered out of bounds when any part of the players body or wheelchair touches the floor on or outside the boundary. .....

Physical advantage foul

8. Because of the varying causes and manifestations (degrees) of disability among participants, a basic rule of keeping firmly seated in the wheelchair at all times and not using a functional leg or leg stump for physical advantage over an opponent is strictly enforced. An infraction of this rule (rebound, jump ball, etc.) constitutes a physical advantage foul. It is so recorded in the official scorebook. Three such fouls disqualify a player from th .....

Falling

9. If a player falls out of the chair during play, the officials will immediately suspend play if there is any chance of danger to the fallen player. If not, the officials will withhold their whistles until the particular play in progress has been completed. If a player falls out of the chair to gain possession of the ball or by falling keeps opponents from gaining possession of the ball, the ball is awarded to the opposing team. .....

Player classification

10. Class I Complete motor loss at T 7 or above or comparable disability where there is total loss of muscle function originating at or above T 7. Class II Complete motor loss originating at T 8 and descending through and including L 2 where there may be motor power of hips and thighs. Also included in this class are amputees with bilateral hip disarticulation. Class III All other physical disabilities as related to lower extremity paralysis or .....

Team balance

11. Each classification will be given a numerical value or factor as follows Class 1 1 value point Class II 2 value points Class IIl 3 value points At no time in a game shall a team have players participating with total points greater than twelve (12) on the floor at the same time. .....

Control and enforcement

12. The official scorer is responsible for seeing that personnel on the floor for either team at any time does not exceed the twelve (12) points. (This only has to be checked at the start of each half and at the time of substitutions.) If, at any time during the game, it is identified that a team exceeds the player point limit, a Technical Foul is called against the team in violataion and handled as all other Technical Fouls, with a correction in the .....

Eligible impairment groups

13. Athletes who have physical impairments that result in a lower limb physical limitation and those who are unable to play non disabled sport due to a long term permanent injury. .....

Classification

14. The Wheelchair Basketball competition at the Paralympic Games is played in wheelchairs and is open to athletes with a permanent physical impairment in the lower limb(s) which can be objectively verified. Impairments may include paraplegia, lower limb amputations, cerebral palsy, and polio. Not all players are daily wheelchair users, so athletes can be ambulant.Wheelchair Basketball classification is based on the players functional capacity to com .....

Engineering concepts for basketball wheelchairs

15. Center of gravity is where the chair and the athletes mass are equally distributed in all directions. Points at which the wheelchair can tip over sideways are the fulcrum. A wheelchair with a higher seat is easier to tip. Sports wheelchairs have lower seats and wheels that are angled outward so that the center of gravity has to move a greater distance before it passes over the fulcrum and tips the chair. Basketball wheelchairs are classified in t .....

Basketball world championship

16. World championships for the sport have been held since 1973, with Bruges, Belgium being the first host city. The first ever world championship for men was won by Great Britain. In the 11 first mens world championships, 6 times have been won by the United States (1979, 1983, 1986, 1994, 1998, 2002), Great Britain once (the first ever championship in 1973), Israel (1975), France (1990), Canada (2006) and Australia (2010). Canada has won four of the .....

1970s to the present

17. In 1973, the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMGF) established the first sub section for wheelchair basketball. At that time ISMGF was the world governing body for all wheelchair sports.In 1989 ISMGF accepted for its former wheelchair basketball sub section to be named International Wheelchair Basketball Federation also known by the acronym IWBF.Full independence came in 1993 with the IWBF becoming the world body for wheelchair .....

1940s to 1960s

18. In 1944, Ludwig Guttmann, through the rehabilitation program at the Stoke Mandeville Hospital, in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England, adapted existing sports to use wheelchairs. It was known as wheelchair netball.At around the same times, starting from 1946, wheelchair basketball games were played primarily between American World War II disabled veterans. Since then, the sport has spread throughout the world.The Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Games .....

Court

19. The field of play intended for wheelchair basketball matches has no differences compared to that of Olympic basketball. It is a rectangular hard surface 28 metres long and 15 metres wide. For official national and international matches, a wooden floor is required. .....

Ball

20. The ball must be an approved single shade of orange with eight traditionally shaped panels and black seams. The outer surface is made of leather, synthetic leather, rubber or synthetic material. The ball may have a circumference of 74.9 to 78cm and weight between 567 to 650gr. .....

Team bench areas

21. The team bench areas shall be marked outside the playing court limited by 2 lines as shown in Diagram 1.There must be 7 seats available in the team bench area for the team bench personnel which consists of the coaches, the assistant coaches, the substitutes, the excluded players and the team followers. All players will use their wheelchairs at the bench. Any other persons shall be at least 2 m behind the team bench. .....

Uniforms

22. The uniform of the team members shall consist ofShirts of the same dominant colour front and back.All players must tuck their shirts into their playing shorts. All in ones are permitted.T shirts, regardless of style, may be worn under shirts. The T shirt must be the same dominant colour as the shirt. Playing suit trousers or shorts of the same dominant colour front and back, but not necessarily of the same colour as the shirts. .....

Injury

23. In the event of injury to a player(s), the officials may stop the game.If the ball is live when an injury occurs, the official shall not blow his whistle until the team in control of the ball has shot for a field goal, lost control of the ball, withheld the ball from play or the ball has become dead. If it is necessary to protect an injured player, the officials may stop the game immediately.If the injured player cannot continue to play immediate .....

Captain Duties and powers

24. The captain (CAP) is a player designated by his coach to represent his team on the playing court. He may communicate in a courteous manner with the officials during the game to obtain information, however, only when the ball becomes dead and the game clock is stopped.The captain shall, immediately at the end of the game, inform the referee if his te+C38am is protesting against the result of the game and sign the scoresheet in the space marked Cap .....

Coaches Duties and powers

25. At least 20 minutes before the game is scheduled to begin, each coach or his representative shall give the scorer a list with the names and corresponding numbers and classification points of the team members who are eligible to play in the game, as well as the name of the captain of the team, the coach and the assistant coach. All team members whose names are entered on the scoresheet are entitled to play, even if they arrive after the beginning .....

Location of a player and an official

26. The location of a player is determined by where his wheelchair is touching the floor.The location of an official is determined by where he is touching the floor. When the ball touches an official, it is the same as touching the floor at the officials location. While he is in the air from a jump, he retains the same status he had when he last touched the floor. .....